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主演：JulienAnton/PaoloCherchiUsai/MauriceGianati[展开]
主演：JulienAnton/PaoloCherchiUsai/MauriceGianati/StephenHerber导演：EricLange语言：法语地区:法国编剧：SergeBromberg类型：纪录片上映时间： 别名：DiscoveringCinema:LearningtoTalk用户标签：2000s,◎2000s,法国片长：52分钟imdb编号：tt0498704Althoughmotionpicturesemergedinthe1890s,theywereforthemostpartinblackandwhite,anddidn'thavesound,keepingthemquiteabitshortfrombeingthetruesimulcarumoflifetheyaspiredtobe.Numerousinventorsandentrepreneursovertheyearsattemptedtocreatesynchronizedsoundandlifelikecolorpresentationsoftheirfilms,butitwasn'tuntilthelate1920sandthemid1930sthattheyactuallymanagedtoreliablydoso.ThispairofdocumentariesbyEricLangeandSergeBrombergtracesthehistoryofsoundandcolorinthemoviesfromtheearliestdaystomaturity.
LearningtoTalk(2003)looksattheaudiodimension,fromtheearliestdaysofsoundrecording,unrelatedtomotionpictures.Theearliesterasfeaturethestandardsilentliveaccompaniment,withvariousingeniousadditionssuchasaspecifiedlivesingerorsoundeffectsperformedattheappropriatemoments,ortheNotofilm,whichranthemelodylineoftheintendedscoreacrossthebottomofthescreentoguideaperformer.ButwithEdison'sinventionofthephonograph,itwasclearthatrecordingofsomekindwouldbethefuture.Theproblemwashowtosynchronizethesoundwiththepictures,thoughEdisonmanagedsomeprimitiveachievementsinthisareaasearlyas1902.
Thereweretwoduelingformatsofsound,oneutilizingdisc(whichwouldevolveintotheVitagraphsoundsystem,usedbyTheJazzSinger),andtheopticalformatusedbytheFoxMovietoneshorts,andwhichwouldeventuallytriumphasthemethodofchoiceforsoundfilms.Thenarrativeisreasonablyclear,althoughitdoestendtomeanderabitfromtopictotopic.Becausethereweresomanycompetingformats,however,thatapproachisprobablyunavoidable.Thedocumentarydepictsmostoftheseversionsinqualityexcerpts,withclipsthatdemonstratethesystemsandtheirlimitationswithclarity.
Theaccompanyingdocumentary,MoviesDreaminColor(2004),similarlytrackstheevolutionofcolorfrompainstakinghand-paintingofindividualframestothegorgeousresultsofthree-stripTechnicolorinthe1930s.Beforecolorcouldberepresenteddirectlyonfilmasphotographed,agreatmanydeadendswereattempted,suchasKinemacolor,whichgetssurprisinglyeffectiveresultsfromalternatingredandgreenframeswiththeappropriatefilters.There'salsoagooddescriptionofthetintingandtoningprocesses,clarifyingtheoftenconfusingdifferencesandpointingoutthatbothcouldbeusedatonce,dependingonthefilm.
Evenwhenthereisadeterminationtohavefilm-basedcolor,theapproachwasnotclear.Mostabortiveattemptsusedanadditiveprocess,layeringcolorstoanimpracticalextent.Itwasn'tuntilquiteabitlaterthatasubtractivefilteringprocesswasarrivedattosimplifythecolorphotographysystem.Eventhen,therewereanumberofdifficultiesbeforeTechnicolorwasreadytotaketheworldbystorm.Andthedifferencesincolorqualityarecertainlystrikingenough;thespecimensarehighlyvariableintheireffectiveness,thoughmanyoftheprimitiveversionsaresurprisinglycolorful.Thetwodocumentariestogethertellataleofstruggletoarriveatverisimilitude,andthey'rewelldone.TheoneobjectionIhaveisthatasignificantchunkofboth,dealingwiththeearlymagiclanternera,utilizesthesameexamples,andthey'rethusabitrepetitivewhenseentogether.
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